Peacekeeping and security, clearly states that it seeks to, strengthen cooperation in areas of conflict prevention, early warning, peacekeeping operations, the control of crossborder crime, international terrorism and the proliferation of small arms and antipersonal mines and. The relationship is unique in the sense that the federal government must constantly reevaluate and tweak its border security policy to address the perceived threats posed to the united. Porous borders, small arms proliferation, and insecurity in oke. Smuggling and proliferation of weapons, implications for national security by a. All victims of terrorism in nigeria, who lost their lives as a result of the corrupt and. Tens of thousands of people are killed or wounded each year in conflicts that are fought primarily with these weapons and. Nigeria border security tends to be hampered by transnational threats 4. Combating violent conflicts and terrorism in nigeria.
The dilemmas that nigeria faces with insecurities call for critical. Nigeria, africa, african security, gulf of guinea, boko haram. Proliferation of arms and weapons is defined as a method in which arms and weapons are sold to private citizens especially in the conflict zones kofi annan in wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 20. A study of seme border 19992017 abstract this article examines the causes and effect of transborder crime on nigerias security. Indeed, the existence of porous borders and cross border and frontier activities in nigeria has aided crimes and security challenges across nigerian borders for long without any specific solutions. Outline measures to counter terrorist propaganda, dissuade and deter. A nexus to asymmetric threats in nigeria ugwumba egbuta academic paper politics international politics topic. Porous borders and boko harams arms smuggling operations. Arms proliferation has increased criminality, youth violence, hostage taking, militancy, community crises, drug abuse, oil bunkering and threat to peace and security in nigeria. Giaba report the nexus between small arms and light. It is important to appreciate the great progress that the department has made since it was founded. Correspondingly, the fundamental problem of border security, arms trafficking, efficient and effective fight against terrorism in nigeria can be linked to what mr olusegun adeniyi tersely identified as institutional fragmentation, intelligence and policy non coordination between and among security agencies. Preventing nuclear proliferation and nuclear terrorism may be more.
The proliferation security initiative psi is a global effort to stop the trafficking of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials to and from states and nonstate actors of concern. Insurgency and national security challenges in nigeria. Border security, arms proliferation, and terrorism in nigeria. The political and security implications of cross border migration between nigeria and her francophone neighbours dr.
Aug 29, 2019 anna okon massive arrests and seizures of contraband have been recorded in the last six days at the ongoing joint border security operation involving the nigeria customs service, the nigeria immig. Border security, arms proliferation and terrorism in nigeria by lt col sagir musa proliferation of small arms and light weapons is increasingly and dangerously becoming a. The causes of the proliferation of small arms in nigeria. Opinion proliferation of small arms and light weapons is increasingly and dangerously becoming a transnational organized crime in nigeria with boko harams insurgency, reemerging niger delta.
One of the actual obstacles to sustenance of stable peace and security in nigeria is the existence and alarming rate in proliferation of small arms and light weapons salw. Since nigeria has lengthy and porous borders, a number of airports, and nu. Pdf small arms and light weapons proliferation and its threats to. Indeed, these ascriptions, especially perennial boko haram. Border security, arms proliferation and terrorism in. Pdf challenges of nigeria borders and frontier security. Small arms and light weapons proliferation and its. Handbook for the training of armed and security forces anatole ayissi and ibrahima sall. The accessibility of small arms has made it an issue of choice as illicit arms transfer is not a particular country. Nonproliferation challenges facing the trump administration. Correspondingly, the fundamental problem of border security, arms trafficking, efficient and effective fight against terrorism in nigeria can be linked to what mr olusegun adeniyi tersely identified as institutional fragmentation, intelligence and policy noncoordination between. Mar 10, 2010 stopping the destructive spread of small arms how small arms and light weapons proliferation undermines security and development by rachel stohl and ej hogendoorn posted on march 10, 2010, 9. The challenge of subregional security in west africa.
The synergy and collaborative efforts by the government, the security personnel and the. Armed groups, guns, and human security in the ecowas. Terrorism, proliferation of weapons and materials of mass destruction, trafficking of small arms and explosives, and illicit diversion of dual use goods pose a serious threat not only to security and safety of people, but also to economic development, political stability and social cohesion of countries across the globe. Aside from ghana, arms manufacturing is high in nigeria, benin, and other. Launched by the president of the united states in 2003, u. Spiking arms proliferation, organized crime, terrorism part. In nigeria, the trade in small arms and light weapons has been on the increase since the end of the nigerian civil war. Indeed, the existence of porous borders and crossborder and frontier activities in nigeria has aided crimes and security challenges across nigerian borders for long without any specific solutions. Apr 21, 20 correspondingly, the fundamental problem of border security, arms trafficking, efficient and effective fight against terrorism in nigeria can be linked to what mr olusegun adeniyi tersely identified as institutional fragmentation, intelligence and policy non coordination between and among security agencies. Based on field research conducted in niger, including meetings with government, key findings ers security forces seize weapons and ammunition and nig keep useful records. The increase in the rise in smuggling, arms trafficking, drugs trafficking, human trafficking, and money laundry among others in. Combating the proliferation of small arms and light.
The focus of this paper therefore is to examine the implications of cross border crimes in west africa for nigeria s national security and external relations. Proliferation of arms and light weapons poverty and mass youth unemployment. Scope and limitations of the study this research will be limited to the major transnational crimes along the nigeria benin border. Despite the efforts of border security agencies in nigeria to keep the borders safe, the countrys borders are porous, allowing all sorts of crossborder criminal activities such as. Jan 28, 2014 small arms proliferation has contributed to the mobilization for coups detat, undemocratic overthrow of governments, increasing casualties and violent intercommunal and intrastate conflicts in west africa ero and ndingamuvumba 2004. The challenge of subregional security in west africa controlling small arms and light weapons. Therefore, security should be given utmost importance and to link border security with that of national security because the proliferation of small arms and light weapons that brought about communal conflict in many countries can be linked to cross border arms trafficking. Correspondingly, the fundamental problem of border security, arms trafficking, efficient and effective fight against terrorism in nigeria can be linked to what mr olusegun adeniyi tersely identified as institutional fragmentation, intelligence and policy noncoordination between and among security agencies. Each of these efforts goes far to not only prevent the unchecked movement and use of small arms, build responsive public health capacity, enhance judicial capacity and border control, and provide joint training and the sharing of infor. Joint border security operation prompts massive arrests. Groups, activities, and politics adeyemi bukola oyeniyi abstract while global attention is focused on embassy bombing, aircraft hijacking and 911 terroristsattack kind of terrorism, equally devastating terrorist activities with equally devastating.
The proliferation of light weapons and illicit arms trafficking in nigeria pose a major threat. Request pdf arms proliferation, boko haram extremism and insecurity in nigeria armed conflict. Border security, arms proliferation and terrorism in nigeria by lt. Proliferation of small arms and light weapons is increasingly and dangerously becoming a transnational organized crime in nigeria with boko.
Department of homeland security strategic framework for. Apr 20, 20 border security, arms proliferation and terrorism in nigeria by lt col sagir musa proliferation of small arms and light weapons is increasingly and dangerously becoming a transnational organized. Border security, arms proliferation and terrorism in nigeria. A security expert, kabir adamu, said proliferation of arms clearly has a huge impact on insecurity in the country, noting that the number of weapons in circulation is aiding crime. The illicit proliferation and misuse of small arms and light weapons ranks among todays most pressing security threats. This is why nuclear and other radioactive materials are required by the iaea for member states to. The proliferation of salws in nigeria is indexed by the intermittent seizure of various types and calibre of arms by security and border control officers, the frequency of their deployment in conflict and crime scenes, and the level of human casualty and material damage recorded in the aftermath of their use in the country.
Recently, on the 18th of september, 20, this day newspaper reported. The concept of border security in the united states of america shares a complex relationship with the persistent threat of terrorism. The mention of nigeria anywhere in the world increasingly stirs up images of poverty, crime, ethnoreligious violence, and terrorism. Arms proliferation, boko haram extremism and insecurity in. According to a september 20 house of representatives homeland security committee report, the aqim boko haram collaboration is a mature relationship that allows boko haram an avenue to advance its capability, and.
Proliferation of small arms and light weapons and mercenary activities. How weapons proliferation fuels insecurity in nigeria daily. Transnational security and african states1 a draft. The political and security implications of cross border. It is a function of legal interpretationstatus, which. Proliferation of small arms and light weapons is increasingly and dangerously becoming a transnational organized crime in nigeria with boko harams insurgency, reemerging niger delta crisis and escalating kidnappings, communal crisis and armed robbery in the south east serving as hubs or impetus for arms trafficking. Despite the effort of crossborder security agencies like the nigeria police, customs service, immigration services, etc, nigeria borders have been described as porous allowing illicit arms trafficking resulting to proliferation of salw. Aim, scope, rationale, methodology and structure of the paper this paper aims at exploring the relationships between terrorism and humanitarian crisis in nigeria from the standpoint of the boko haram insurgency. The increase in the rise in smuggling, arms trafficking, drugs trafficking, human trafficking, and money laundry among others in nigeria has. Border controls and crossborder crime in west africa. The threat from boko haram and ansaru the henry jackson society 7 leadership have recently surfaced.
The spread of illegal small and light weapons is substantial. Small arms and light weapons proliferation in the early. This paper examines the implications of the porousness of the nigerian borders on national security. Despite the efforts of cross border security agencies like the nigeria police, customs service, immigration services, and nigerian civil defense etc, nigeria borders have been described as porous allowing all sorts of cross border or transborder criminal activities such as human trafficking, smuggling, drug trafficking, arm robbery, money laundry and illicit arms trafficking resulting to. This brochure looks at how corruption and the criminal exploitation of natural resources facilitate terrorism. Tens of thousands of people are killed or wounded each year in conflicts that are fought primarily with these weapons and in crimeridden areas outside of conflict zones. Encouraging community engagement as a strategy to strengthen. Security council 6709th meeting pm spiking arms proliferation, organized crime, terrorism part of fallout from libyan crisis afflicting sahel, security council told. It outlines how, in these areas, the oecd can help the international community respond to the threat caused by terrorism and identifies potential further work by the oecd. Border security, arms proliferation and terrorism in nigeria by lt col sagir musa proliferation of small arms and light weapons is increasingly and dangerously becoming a transnational organized. Although arms proliferation is a global issue, available data on small arms and light weapons salw show that out of the 640 million circulating globally, it is estimated that 100 million are. Border security is critical and a necessity for the protection of. Arms proliferation, boko haram extremism and insecurity in nigeria. Peace and conflict studies, security publish your bachelors or masters thesis, dissertation, term paper or essay.
Smuggling and proliferation of weapons, implications for. Publications previously released as part of the small arms survey occasional paper, special reports, and working paper series are also listed here. Increased proliferation of small arms and light weapons in west africa and the. Thus, the porous nature of nigerias borders and the activities of the local blacksmiths have all been pointed as an enabler. Secretary of homeland security from foreign terrorist organizations to address the evolving challenges of today. Pdf small arms and light weapons proliferation and its.
Border security, arms proliferation, and terrorism in. The united nations regional centre for peace and disarmament in africa organized a capacity building workshop aimed at supporting gender perspectives in disarmament, nonproliferation and arms. Customs and border protection cbp began its involvement early in the initiative, when the psi. Cameroon and nigeria pledge to combat terrorism voice of. The impacts of proliferation of small arms and light weapons. Despite the efforts of crossborder security agencies like the nigeria police, customs service, immigration services, and nigerian civil defense etc, nigeria borders have been described as porous allowing all sorts of cross border or transborder criminal activities such as human trafficking, smuggling, drug trafficking, arm robbery, money laundry and illicit arms trafficking resulting to. The higher the level of globalization and transnational threat the poorer the state of national security. Border security, arms proliferation, and terrorism. Porous borders and boko harams arms smuggling operations in. Proliferation of arms and security challenges in nigeria soetan, stephen olayiwola department of history and international studies, ekiti state university, ado ekiti, nigeria. The report series presents original research by small arms survey research staff and consultants, offering findings and indepth analysis of issues relating to small arms and armed violence. The proliferation of salws in nigeria is indexed by the intermittent seizure of various types and calibre of arms by security and border control officers, the frequency of their deployment in conflict and crime scenes, and the level of. Most of the nigerian borders are porous, therefore, giving room for easy influx. Dhs has adopted a multitiered approach to the lines of security we pursue, including aviation security and border security.
Gadzama the interception of containers loaded with pump action guns recently by. Nigerian state is at crossroad on security concerns and the illicit proliferation of small arms and light weapons has had a dramatic impact on peace and security in nigeria, threatening not only the existence of the state, but also the livelihoods of millions of people across the. Border security includes the protection of land borders, ports, and airports. A study of seme border 19992017 abstract this article examines the causes and effect of trans border crime on nigeria s security. Sagir musa, a col in the nigerian army comments here on border security, arms proliferation, and terrorism in nigeria. Challenges in combating the proliferation of small arms and light. The nigerian state and the proliferation small arm and.
N thomotuya, phd department of political science rivers state college of education, port harcourt, rivers state, nigeria abstract proliferations of small arms and light weapons have been a stricken issue in the. Proliferation of arms and security challenges in nigeria. Border crossings and terrorist attacks in the united. As a result, over 70 percent of about 8 million illegal weapons in west africa was reported to be in nigeria. As earlier mentioned, the phenomenon of ethnicity and religious intolerance have led to incessant recurrence of ethnoreligious conflicts, which have birthed copious ethnic militias like the bakassi boys, odua people congress opc, the egbesu boys. The four missions are located in cote divoire, guinea bissau, liberia and sierra leone, albeit with changes in their mandates and configurations over the years.
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